Abstract: Effect of Combined Treatment with Gemcitabine and Oxaliplatin on Advanced orMetastaticUrothelial CarcinomaXuyang YAN1, Dong LI1, Guang DU1, Ping YUAN1, Zhen FANG1, Dengke YANG1Corresponding author: Guang DU, E-mial: duguang2003@yahoo.com.cn1Department of Urology, St LUKE's Hospital, Shanghai 200050, China2Department of Urology, Reijin Hospital of Shanghai Jiaotong Medical University, Shanghai 200050, ChinaAbstract Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effect and toxicities of Gemcitabine combined with Oxaliplatin on advanced ormetastatic urothelial carcinoma. Methods: A total of 20 patients pathologically confirmed with advanced or metastatic urothelial carci-noma ( 14 cases of bladder cancer, 3 cases of renal pelvic carcinoma, and 3 cases of ureteral carcinoma ) were reviewed. Karnofskyscore for each patient before therapy was ≥ 60. Combined treatment with Gemcitabine and Oxaliplatin regimen was as follows: Gem-citabine 1250 mg/m2, iv infusion at day 1 and day 8, Oxaliplatin 50 mg/m2, iv infusion at day 2 and day 3. The regimen was adminis-tered for more than 2 cycles ( every 4 weeks ) and the response rate was evaluated. The regimen was used in palliative chemotherapy,neoadjuvant chemotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy, respectively. Results: According to WHO evaluation criteria on therapeutic ef-fectiveness, 5 patients ( 25 % ) had complete response, 6 patients ( 30 % ) had partial response, 5 cases ( 25 % ) remained stable status,and 4 cases ( 20 % ) had progression. The overall response rate was 55 %. The main side effects included thrombocytopenia, leucope-nia, nausea, vomiting and constipation, which were mild or moderate and disappeared when the chemotherapy was ceased. No chemo-therapy related death occurred. Conclusion: Combined treatment with Gemcitabine and Oxaliplatin is effective for advanced or meta-static urothelial carcinoma, with mild and tolerable toxicities.Keywords Urothelial carcinoma; Gemcitabine; Oxaliplatin; Combined chemotherapy